Part 1: NixOS as part of your Development Workflow

export DISK=/dev/nvme0n1
# Format the EFI partition
mkfs.vfat -n boot "$DISK"p1

cryptsetup --verify-passphrase -v luksFormat "$DISK"p2
cryptsetup open "$DISK"p2 enc

# Creat the swap inside the encrypted partition
pvcreate /dev/mapper/enc
vgcreate lvm /dev/mapper/enc

lvcreate --size 32G --name swap lvm
 lvcreate --extents 100%FREE --name root lvm

mkswap -L swap /dev/lvm/swap
mkfs.btrfs -L nixos /dev/lvm/root

swapon /dev/lvm/swap

# Then create subvolumes

mount -t btrfs /dev/lvm/root /mnt

# We first create the subvolumes outlined above:
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/root
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/home
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/nix
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/persist
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/log

# We then take an empty *readonly* snapshot of the root subvolume,
# which we'll eventually rollback to on every boot.
btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt/root /mnt/root-blank

umount /mnt

# Mount the directories

mount -o subvol=root,compress=zstd,noatime /dev/lvm/root /mnt

mkdir /mnt/home
mount -o subvol=home,compress=zstd,noatime /dev/lvm/root /mnt/home

mkdir /mnt/nix
mount -o subvol=nix,compress=zstd,noatime /dev/lvm/root /mnt/nix

mkdir /mnt/persist
mount -o subvol=persist,compress=zstd,noatime /dev/lvm/root /mnt/persist

mkdir -p /mnt/var/log
mount -o subvol=log,compress=zstd,noatime /dev/lvm/root /mnt/var/log

# don't forget this!
mkdir /mnt/boot
mount "$DISK"p1 /mnt/boot

nixos-generate-config --root /mnt

# Edit this configuration file to define what should be installed on
# your system.  Help is available in the configuration.nix(5) man page
# and in the NixOS manual (accessible by running ‘nixos-help’).

{ config, pkgs, ... }:

{
  imports =
    [ # Include the results of the hardware scan.
      ./hardware-configuration.nix
    ];

  boot.kernelPackages = pkgs.linuxPackages_latest;
  boot.supportedFilesystems = [ "btrfs" ];
  hardware.enableAllFirmware = true;
  nixpkgs.config.allowUnfree = true;

  # Use the systemd-boot EFI boot loader.
  boot.loader.systemd-boot.enable = true;
  boot.loader.efi.canTouchEfiVariables = true;
  boot.initrd.luks.devices = {
      root = {
        # Use https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Full_Disk_Encryption
        device = "/dev/disk/by-uuid/TO find this hash use lsblk -f. It's the UUID of nvme0n1p2";
        preLVM = true;
      };
  };

  networking.hostName = "framework"; # Define your hostname.
  networking.networkmanager.enable = true;
  # networking.wireless.enable = true;  # Enables wireless support via wpa_supplicant.

  # Set your time zone.
  # time.timeZone = "Europe/Amsterdam";

  # The global useDHCP flag is deprecated, therefore explicitly set to false here.
  # Per-interface useDHCP will be mandatory in the future, so this generated config
  # replicates the default behaviour.
  networking.useDHCP = true;

  services.xserver.enable = true;
  services.xserver.displayManager.gdm.enable = true;
  services.xserver.desktopManager.gnome.enable = true;

  # Define a user account. Don't forget to set a password with ‘passwd’.
  users.users.haseeb = {
    isNormalUser = true;
    extraGroups = [ "wheel" ]; # Enable ‘sudo’ for the user.
    hashedPassword = "Run mkpasswd -m sha-512 to generate it";
  };

  # List packages installed in system profile. To search, run:
  # $ nix search wget
  environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
    wget vim git mkpasswd
    firefox
  ];

# Do not modify this file!  It was generated by ‘nixos-generate-config’
# and may be overwritten by future invocations.  Please make changes
# to /etc/nixos/configuration.nix instead.
{ config, lib, pkgs, modulesPath, ... }:

{
  imports =
    [
      (modulesPath + "/installer/scan/not-detected.nix")
    ];

  boot.initrd.availableKernelModules = [ "xhci_pci" "thunderbolt" "nvme" "uas" "usb_storage" "sd_mod" ];
  boot.initrd.kernelModules = [ "dm-snapshot" "amdgpu" ];
  boot.kernelModules = [ "kvm-intel" ];
  boot.extraModulePackages = [ ];

  fileSystems."/" =
    {
      device = "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos";
      fsType = "btrfs";
      options = [ "subvol=root" "compress=zstd" "noatime" ];
    };

  fileSystems."/home" =
    {
      device = "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos";
      fsType = "btrfs";
      options = [ "subvol=home" "compress=zstd" "noatime" ];
    };

  fileSystems."/nix" =
    {
      device = "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos";
      fsType = "btrfs";
      options = [ "subvol=nix" "compress=zstd" "noatime" ];
    };

  fileSystems."/persist" =
    {
      device = "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos";
      fsType = "btrfs";
      options = [ "subvol=persist" "compress=zstd" "noatime" ];
      neededForBoot = true;
    };

  fileSystems."/var/log" =
    {
      device = "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos";
      fsType = "btrfs";
      options = [ "subvol=log" "compress=zstd" "noatime" ];
      neededForBoot = true;
    };

  fileSystems."/boot" =
    {
      device = "/dev/disk/by-label/boot";
      fsType = "vfat";
    };

  swapDevices = [
    {
      device = "/dev/disk/by-label/swap";
    }
  ];

  # Enables DHCP on each ethernet and wireless interface. In case of scripted networking
  # (the default) this is the recommended approach. When using systemd-networkd it's
  # still possible to use this option, but it's recommended to use it in conjunction
  # with explicit per-interface declarations with `networking.interfaces.<interface>.useDHCP`.
  networking.useDHCP = lib.mkDefault true;
  # networking.interfaces.wlp166s0.useDHCP = lib.mkDefault true;

  nixpkgs.hostPlatform = lib.mkDefault "x86_64-linux";
  powerManagement.cpuFreqGovernor = lib.mkDefault "powersave";
  hardware.cpu.intel.updateMicrocode = lib.mkDefault config.hardware.enableRedistributableFirmware;
}